Minoxidil in Canada: Uses, Forms, Side Effects and Cost

Topical minoxidil (non-prescription)

• Sold as 2% and 5% solutions or foams (brand Rogaine and store brands).
• Applied to the scalp, usually twice a day for liquid or as directed on the label.
• Results take 3–6 months; shedding in the first weeks is common and usually temporary.
• Benefits stop gradually if you stop using it.

Oral minoxidil (prescription)

Minoxidil tablets were approved to treat severe high blood pressure. Doctors in Canada sometimes prescribe very low doses off-label for hair loss. Because it's a blood-pressure drug, it needs a prescription and follow-up for side effects like fluid retention, fast heartbeat and body-hair growth.

Common side effects

• Topical: scalp itch, dryness or irritation (often from propylene glycol in the liquid; foam may be gentler), unwanted facial hair.
• Oral: ankle swelling, dizziness, racing heart, increased body hair.
• Keep away from pets — topical minoxidil is toxic to cats.

Cost and coverage

Hair loss treatment is considered cosmetic, so provincial drug plans and most private plans do not cover topical minoxidil. Generic store-brand 5% foam or solution is usually far cheaper than the brand. Ask your pharmacist to compare prices.

Frequently asked questions